The Golden Number

Let AB be a segment divided at the C point, we speak about the “divine proportion” when

If AC = a and CB = b, the Golden Number is defined as the ratio a/b called phi

The divine proportion can be written:

Multiplying all terms by phi gives the equation
This equation comes out as a positive solution
which is the Golden Number :
1,61803398 ...
From the previous equation, two interesting properties of the Golden Number are revealed:
-> It is the only number which added to one is its own square, and subtracted from one is its own inverse.
Other noteworthy properties
These numbers define a “sequence” called “Fibonacci sequence”
1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, .....
Golden Number and unities of measurement
In the Middle Ages, the cathedral builders used 5 units of measurement related to the human body:
- the “paume” (the palm) = 34 lignes = 7,64 cm
- the “palme” = 55 lignes = 12,36 cm
(distance between the forefinger and the little finger, hand opened)
- the “empan” = 89 lignes = 20 cm
(distance from the thumb to the little finger)
- the “pied” (the foot) = 144 lignes = 32,36 cm
- the “coudée” (the cubit) = 233 lignes = 52,36 cm
With a base unity : the line = 2,247 mm
The result is two surprising truths:
To go from one measure to another you multiply it by the golden number.
- the “palme” = the “paume” * 1,618 (7,64 * 1,618) = 12,36 cm
- the foot = the “empan” * 1,618 (20 * 1,618) = 32,36 cm
- the cubit = the foot * 1,618 (32,36 * 1,618) = 52,36 cm
A unit of measurement is equal to the sum of the two previous units
- “empan” = “palme” + “paume” (12,36 + 7,64) = 20 cm
- foot = “empan” + “paume” (20 + 12,36) = 32,36 cm
- cubit = “empan” + foot (20 + 32,36) = 52,36 cm
Following page: Golden Number and Geometry